{"id":12955,"date":"2021-07-20T05:07:54","date_gmt":"2021-07-20T05:07:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pj4iaixa9m.wpdns.site\/?p=12955"},"modified":"2021-08-10T05:42:05","modified_gmt":"2021-08-10T05:42:05","slug":"how-to-design-multi-station-progressive-die","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/how-to-design-multi-station-progressive-die\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n \u00e9p ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span>Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh: <\/span>25<\/span> ph\u00fat<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ebft<\/a> l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn. Khu\u00f4n l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m n\u00f3i chung bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/a>. Theo c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn khu\u00f4n trong khu\u00f4n, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3, nh\u01b0 trong B\u1ea3ng 1-1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/td>H\u00e0m s\u1ed1<\/td> <\/td>C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh<\/td><\/tr>
B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/td>Gia c\u00f4ng d\u1eadp<\/td> <\/td>\u0110\u1ed9t ch\u1ebft, l\u00f5m ch\u1ebft<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>Ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/td> <\/td>T\u1ea5m x\u1ea3, v\u00edt x\u1ea3, ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i<\/td><\/tr>
C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3<\/td>\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/td>X H\u01b0\u1edbng<\/td>Ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7n, l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft b\u00ean<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng Y<\/td>T\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00ean<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng Z<\/td>Ghim m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i, v.v.<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/td>\u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>Ch\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/td>\u0110\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/td>Guidepost, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tay \u00e1o<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9<\/td>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1ecf, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>\u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda<\/td> <\/td>T\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, gh\u1ebf tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi, tay c\u1ea7m, v\u00edt, ch\u1ed1t<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td>Kh\u00e1c<\/td> <\/td>T\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n, t\u1ea5m gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra an to\u00e0n, v.v.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
B\u1ea3ng 1-1 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp l\u0169y ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eadp kh\u00e1c \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9t cho khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 r\u00e3nh d\u00e0i h\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7. C\u00e1c c\u00fa \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m tr\u1ed1ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf. Khi ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eadc. Ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i tr\u01a1n tru b\u1eb1ng cung tr\u00f2n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u dao. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u1ed1ng tay \u00e1o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Kho\u1ea3ng \u04440,2 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 3,0-4,0mm. T\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u00ean l\u00ean c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. H\u00ecnh 1-1 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
H\u00ecnh 1-1 Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (ae)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"H\u00ecnh
(f) (g) (h) (i) (j)
H\u00ecnh 1-1 Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 D\u1ea1ng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (fj)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i sau khi \u0111\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n khi c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 r\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, khu\u00f4n b\u1ebf s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean khu\u00f4n. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m tr\u00ean \u04440,2 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed. H\u00ecnh 1-2 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea9y, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9t. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i trung t\u00e2m, gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a '\u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng', \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng r\u01a1i ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh.
H\u00ecnh. 1-2 \u0110\u1ea5m v\u1edbi ch\u1ed1t ph\u00f3ng<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp u\u1ed1n cong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi t\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i n\u00e9n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, u\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c u\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ch\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp theo thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp l\u00f5m cho khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp l\u1ed7. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp l\u00f5m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i, li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i, li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i. Khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac l\u00f5m t\u00edch h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m v\u00ec gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ebft l\u00f5m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac do c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1edfi kh\u1ed1i gia c\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p song song. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00f5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0i t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o khung khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng bu l\u00f4ng, th\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m m\u00e0i h\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m. H\u00ecnh 1-3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn u\u1ed1n v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n gh\u00e9p song song.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh 1-3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac khu\u00f4n gh\u00e9p song song<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ed7 kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf khu\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 1-4, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m m\u00e0i. Kh\u1ed1i l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng v\u00edt v\u00e0 ghim, l\u1eafp v\u00e0o khung khu\u00f4n, l\u1eafp v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebf l\u00f5m. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o nhau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n tr\u00f2n l\u00f5m. Khi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa do hao m\u00f2n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay th\u1ebf kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
H\u00ecnh 1-4 Khu\u00f4n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u00e0i<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u1ed1i m\u00e0i l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ch\u1ebft v\u00ec kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u qua m\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u00e0i n\u00ean kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u00f2n.
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda block die ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea9m ph\u1eb3ng<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00e8n t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i khu\u00f4n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh theo \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7 khu\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb (ho\u1eb7c ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb) v\u00e0 v\u00edt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. , nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-5. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"H\u00ecnh
    H\u00ecnh 1-5 Lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ea9m ph\u1eb3ng<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
    • Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00e3nh thu h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 l\u1eafp khu\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o r\u00e3nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 2\/3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i, m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh l\u00f5m c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng then ho\u1eb7c n\u00eam v\u00e0 v\u00edt c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"H\u00ecnh
      H\u00ecnh 1-6 Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh khe th\u1eb3ng<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
      • L\u1ed7 khung c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ed7 khung: l\u1ed7 khung t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-7. H\u00ecnh 1-7 (a) l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 khung t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 H\u00ecnh 1-7 (b) l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 khung t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ed7 khung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n. Khi l\u1ef1c ph\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a li\u00ean k\u1ebft khung t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
         (a) (b)
        H\u00ecnh 1-7 Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ed7 khung<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Inlay Block Lo\u1ea1i Khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed1i inlay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong H\u00ecnh 1-8. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp kh\u1ed1i inlay l\u00e0 n\u1eafp kh\u1ed1i inlay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn kh\u1ed1i inlay ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, l\u1ed7 gia c\u00f4ng. Ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf nhanh ch\u00f3ng sau khi kh\u1ed1i inlay b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. M\u00e1y doa \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3 g\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 l\u1eafp c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ed1i. Khi l\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i inlay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, do ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng quay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        H\u00ecnh 1-8 Inlay Block Die<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        H\u00ecnh 1-9 cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u1ed1i inlay l\u00f5m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. H\u00ecnh 1-9 (a) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i inlay nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i. H\u00ecnh 1-9 (b) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n (h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n chia ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7) v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u00e0i l\u1ed7 khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9. X\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0i, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00edm sau khi l\u1eafp v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
         (a) (b)
        H\u00ecnh 1-9 Kh\u1ed1i Inlay Die l\u00f5m<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb cho khu\u00f4n \u00e9p ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trong khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m bao g\u1ed3m thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u nhau v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eef, c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean, ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho khu\u00f4n n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ea5p. C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t gi\u1eef ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Trong khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean. C\u1ea1nh b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        L\u01b0\u1ee1i dao b\u00ean<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

        H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i t\u00f9y theo vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1eaft b\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 khu\u00f4n hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u00f3 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 1-10 (a), (b), c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 1,2mm; C\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i. H\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i phi\u1ebfn b\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh.
        (a) C\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
        \"H\u00ecnh.
        (b) C\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn
        H\u00ecnh. 1-10 D\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Side Blade<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Ghim h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

        Ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Khi ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru. Kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ea5p; N\u1ebfu khe h\u1edf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong B\u1ea3ng 1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        t<\/td>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/td>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/td><\/tr>
        \u2264 0,5<\/td>D = dP<\/sub> - 0,125t<\/td>C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td><\/tr>
        > 0,5<\/td>D = dP<\/sub> - 0,0,5t<\/td>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td><\/tr>
        \u2265 0,7<\/td>D = dP<\/sub> - 0,02t<\/td>C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u01b0\u1edbc<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
        L\u01b0u \u00fd: dP<\/sub> - \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a thanh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed9t.
        B\u1ea3ng 1-2 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: mm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        \u0110\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f4 ra tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-11. Ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n x l\u00e0 0,8t <x <1,5t. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u00e0y. Khi t = 2mm tr\u1edf l\u00ean th\u00ec x = 0,6t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        H\u00ecnh 1-11 S\u1ef1 nh\u00f4 ra c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u
        1 - Ch\u1ed1t ch\u00ec; 2 - \u0110\u1ed9t d\u1eadp u\u1ed1n; 3 - \u0110\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed9t<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong H\u00ecnh 1-12. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, H\u00ecnh 1-12 (a) cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9t. H\u00ecnh 1-12 (b) cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 H\u00ecnh 1-12 (c), (d), (e), (f), v\u00e0 (g) cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g)
        H\u00ecnh 1-12 H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Pin d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Khi ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong khu\u00f4n, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u00f4 ra x, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        D\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m do v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea3i sau khi l\u00e0m tr\u1ed1ng, u\u1ed1n, k\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c, theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao u\u1ed1n v\u00e0 nh\u00f4 ra kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n kh\u1edbp v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea3i, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch l\u00ean, sao cho ph\u1ea7n nh\u00f4 ra v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u00e0m cho \u0111ai k\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111ai (t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh 1-13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh.
        H\u00ecnh. 1-13 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ea3i<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        H\u00ecnh 1-14 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ed1t, l\u00f2 xo v\u00e0 ph\u00edch c\u1eafm c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i. Nh\u01b0 trong h\u00ecnh 1-14 (a), c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 thanh tr\u00ean n\u1ed5i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m, v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u01b0 c\u00e0ng xa c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t trong m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. H\u00ecnh 1-14 (b) l\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i \u1ed1ng tay, m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i d\u1ea3i tr\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1ed1t d\u1eadp, ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i tay \u00e1o. H\u00ecnh. 1-14 (c) cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh gi\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i d\u1ea3i ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ea3i. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1t tr\u00ean n\u1ed5i r\u00e3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t (ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t) c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n l\u00f5m song song v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec7u. c\u00f3 r\u00e3nh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        (a) Ch\u1ed1t m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (b) Ch\u1ed1t m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i \u1edf tay \u00e1o (c) Ch\u1ed1t m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1ng
        H\u00ecnh 1-14 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a M\u00e1i n\u1ed5i<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a thanh n\u00e2ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u00fac t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea5m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1ea3i d\u1ecdc theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n. T\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng trong khu\u00f4n \u00e9p ti\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m c\u00f3 hai d\u1ea1ng: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khu\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay ph\u00f4i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. ch\u1ebft; C\u00e1i kia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-15. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ba chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n. Tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng d\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n di chuy\u1ec3n trong t\u1ea5m d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        H\u00ecnh 1-15 T\u1ea5m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1edbi Boss<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        D\u1ee1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111ai \u00e1p l\u1ef1c d\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c d\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c do th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi k\u00eanh nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o x\u1ea3 tr\u01a1n tru sau khi d\u1eadp, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m tho\u00e1t y cho m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf) \u1edf l\u1ef1c b\u00ean, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, v\u00edt t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m x\u1ea3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        T\u1ea5m x\u1ea3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00f2 xo c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean ma tr\u1eadn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1edf v\u1eeba kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 khu\u00f4n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        H\u00ecnh 1-16 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m n\u0103m m\u1ea3nh. Ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf qua r\u00e3nh theo quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ed1i gh\u00e9p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ed7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, hai kh\u1ed1i \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p v\u00e0o ma tr\u1eadn qua r\u00e3nh theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng v\u00edt v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Ba kh\u1ed1i \u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o k\u00eanh d\u1eabn sau khi m\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ma tr\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng v\u00edt. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng l\u1ed7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        H\u00ecnh 1-16 T\u1ea5m Ejector Composite<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a T\u1ea5m X\u1ea3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        B\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00fa \u0111\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf, t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c thanh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec7 khu\u00f4n ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong H\u00ecnh 1-17. Khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eadp m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n cao v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea1m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn \u1ed1ng b\u1ecdc d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u1ec3u bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh.
        H\u00ecnh. 1-17 Ghim d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u1ed0ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m x\u1ea3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 1-18 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m. L\u1ef1c \u00e9p t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i, l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ee1 t\u1ea5m b\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n l\u00f2 xo. V\u00ec t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 c\u00f3 khe h\u1edf ch\u1ec9 0,005mm, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i h\u01a1n, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, c\u00e0ng xa c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee1 t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng ra kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9t. X\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u00e1o ra kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n khi m\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0i, l\u00f2 xo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong khu\u00f4n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eafm v\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Khi m\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n xoay n\u00fam v\u1eb7n l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u00f2 xo ra ngo\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu lo\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho v\u00edt d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 song song \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 khu\u00f4n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 1-18 (b), m\u1ed9t v\u00edt x\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ren trong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t l\u00f2 xo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1edbi t\u1ea5m x\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng qua v\u00edt x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh.
        H\u00ecnh. 1-18 L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea5m x\u1ea3
        1 - Gh\u1ebf b\u1ebf tr\u00ean; 2 - Tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt; 3 - V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m; 4 - \u1ed0ng tay \u00e1o; 5 - T\u1ea5m x\u1ea3; 6 - Kh\u1ed1i v\u00e1n d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng; 7 - Tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt; 8 - L\u00f2 xo; 9 - T\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh; 10 - Ghim d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 \u00e9p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        D\u1ee1 v\u00edt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        T\u1ea5m x\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u00edt x\u1ea3. V\u00edt x\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. H\u00ecnh 1-19 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u00edt x\u1ea3 cho khu\u00f4n t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Lo\u1ea1i ren nam: \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u00b1 0,1mm, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00edt khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng; Lo\u1ea1i ren trong: \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c l\u00e0 \u00b1 0,02mm, v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m v\u00edt x\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0i m\u1eb7t cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c; Lo\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p: \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u00b1 0,01mm b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf, bu l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ren trong v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n m\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i m\u00e0i th\u00ec chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m d\u1ee1 t\u1ea3i. b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u00e9p v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp. Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a v\u00edt x\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ren ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        H\u00ecnh 1-19 C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00edt x\u1ea3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Khung Die<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Khung khu\u00f4n ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, do \u0111\u00f3, gh\u1ebf khu\u00f4n tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0y 5 ~ 10 mm v\u00e0 gh\u1ebf khu\u00f4n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00e0y 10 ~ 15 mm (so v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n GB \/ T 2851 ~ 2852-1990 khung). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khung khu\u00f4n b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn khung khu\u00f4n c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi b\u1ed9 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng bi (GB \/ T 2861.8-1990). Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa b\u00f3ng (c\u1ed9t), thanh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p giao thoa th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec5u l\u00e0 0,01mm ~ 0,02mm (\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 20 ~ 76mm). \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 0,003mm, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u1eabu l\u00e0 0,01: 100 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thanh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng. H\u00ecnh 1-20 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn m\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t con l\u0103n bao g\u1ed3m 3 ph\u1ea7n cung tr\u00f2n, hai ph\u1ea7n cung tr\u00f2n l\u1ed3i 4 \u1edf g\u1ea7n hai \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trong c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng b\u1ecdc d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng (c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 cong), v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng cung l\u00f5m 5 \u1edf gi\u1eefa kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua con l\u0103n. D\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng con l\u0103n n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00f2ng thay v\u00ec d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng bi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u1ec7ch t\u00e2m l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a thanh d\u1eabn, t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec5u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 0,003 ~ 0,006 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh
        H\u00ecnh 1-20 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn con l\u0103n
        1 - Tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng; 2 - V\u00f2ng gi\u1eef con l\u0103n; 3 - Tay \u00e1o d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng; 4\u30015 - B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t con l\u0103n<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        \u0110\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi, tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f4n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (\u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 1:10) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5m \u00e9p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh (chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0103n kh\u1edbp l\u00e0 4 ~ 5 mm , theo T7 \/ H6, ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 0,04 mm so v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0 trong H\u00ecnh 1-21. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ed9t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GGr15 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ee9ng 60-62 HRC, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t Ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 0,1 \u03bcm. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thay th\u1ebf, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5m \u00e9p, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 1-21 (d) v\u00e0 (e).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh.
        (a) Ba t\u1ea5m \u00e9p B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn (b) B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng t\u1ea5m \u00e9p tr\u1ee5c v\u00edt (c) T\u1ea5m \u00e9p n\u00e9n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn
        H\u00ecnh. 1-21 Tay \u00e1o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn pin h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi t\u1ea5m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
        \"H\u00ecnh.
        (d) Ba t\u1ea5m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c B\u1ea5m c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng (e) Ba t\u1ea5m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c B\u1ea5m c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng
        H\u00ecnh. 1-21 Tay \u00e1o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn pin h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi t\u1ea5m \u00e1p su\u1ea5t <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

        T\u1ea5m s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        T\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ch\u1eadm nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed1t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u00eam nghi\u00eang, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u1ee1 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, c\u1ed9t d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf, \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1ecf, v.v. V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 40% chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9t. N\u00f3i chung, th\u00e9p 45 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh khu\u00f4n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng d\u1eadp t\u1eaft l\u00e0 43 ~ 48 HRC. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 T10A, CrWMn, v.v., v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng d\u1eadp t\u1eaft l\u00e0 52 ~ 56 HRC. Khi \u0111\u1ed9t d\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o r\u1eddi \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea5m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c trong khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n, tay c\u1ea7m khu\u00f4n, v\u00edt xi\u1ebft, ch\u1ed1t, v.v. v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u00e0ng xa c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb cho \u0103n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 (d\u1ea3i th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c d\u00e2y) \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1m d\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nhau. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u m\u00f3c, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u con l\u0103n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u k\u1eb9p, ... Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u con l\u0103n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u k\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a d\u1eadp ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra an to\u00e0n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p li\u1ec7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh x\u1ea3y ra sai s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khu\u00f4n d\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khu\u00f4n. Khi l\u1ed7i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n, c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau (c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn quang \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, v.v.) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn phanh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u00e9p, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y d\u1eadp s\u1ebd d\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro an to\u00e0n, trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n, c\u0169ng n\u00ean thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, v.v. H\u00ecnh 1-22 cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed n\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"H\u00ecnh.
        H\u00ecnh. 1-22 S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Punch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn (ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i) ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1m r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[917,916,488],"class_list":["post-12955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-punching-machine","tag-multi-station-progressive-die","tag-multi-station-progressive-die-design","tag-stamping-process"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/How-to-Design-Multi-station-Progressive-Die-1.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12955","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12955"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12955\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12955"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12955"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harslepress.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12955"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}